Discourse
- identifies and describes written and spoken communications. It can be reported in two ways.

Direct Speech
-It is when the actual words of the speaker are quoted.

Indirect Speech
-It is when the speaker's dialogue is reported without quoting his exact words.

Rules in forming a direct speech and indirect speech:

1.) Quote the actual words by placing a comma before the remarks and use open and close quotation marks on the quoted words or statement. If the remarks come first, the comma is used after it.

Example : "Look, there is the plane", said the boy while the kite is flying.

2.) In indirect speech, use the conjunction "that" before the indirect statement.

Example : He just said that he needs to report the case to the authorities.

Exercise 1 :

Directions: Change the following discourses from direct speech to indirect speech and vise versa.

1.) She said, "You should have known it beforehand".

2.) My mother told me that she has prepared everything four our dinner.

3.) "I got it!" , screamed the boy.

4.) His sister explained, "This is the way you should do it".

5.) My mother pleaded to me that I should study my lessons.​